Define "critical thinking" in the learning process.

Critical thinking in the learning process involves the ability to analyze information deeply, evaluate its relevance, and assess its validity. This skill is crucial for students and instructors alike, as it allows them to make informed decisions based on evidence and reasoned judgment. When individuals engage in critical thinking, they go beyond simply accepting information at face value; instead, they question assumptions, consider multiple perspectives, and synthesize new ideas.

By employing critical thinking, learners can effectively solve problems, develop well-supported arguments, and understand complex topics more comprehensively. This stands in contrast to mere memorization of facts, which does not encourage engagement with the material on a deeper level. It also differs from blindly following instructions or superficial understanding, both of which inhibit a learner's ability to apply knowledge in practical situations or adapt their thinking to new contexts.